Add time complexity annotations to methods in world.py

# Conflicts:
#	core/simulation_engine.py
#	ui/hud.py

config/constants.py

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ SELECTION_GRAY = (128, 128, 128, 80)
 SELECTION_BORDER = (80, 80, 90)
 
 # Grid settings
-GRID_WIDTH = 30
+GRID_WIDTH = 50
-GRID_HEIGHT = 25
+GRID_HEIGHT = 50
 CELL_SIZE = 20
 RENDER_BUFFER = 50
 

core/renderer.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import pygame
 import math
 from config.constants import *
 from world.base.brain import CellBrain
+from world.objects import DefaultCell
 
 
 class Renderer:
@@ -13,11 +14,8 @@ class Renderer:
         self.render_height = render_area.get_height()
         self.render_width = render_area.get_width()
 
-    def clear_screen(self, main_screen=None):
+    def clear_screen(self):
         """Clear the screen with a black background."""
-        if main_screen:
-            main_screen.fill(BLACK)
-
         self.render_area.fill(BLACK)
 
     def draw_grid(self, camera, showing_grid=True):
@@ -101,6 +99,9 @@ class Renderer:
             return
 
         for obj in world.get_objects():
+            if not isinstance(obj, DefaultCell):
+                continue
+
             obj_x, obj_y = obj.position.get_position()
             radius = obj.interaction_radius
 

core/simulation_engine.py

@@ -18,21 +18,29 @@ from ui.hud import HUD
 class SimulationEngine:
     def __init__(self):
         pygame.init()
+        self._init_window()
+        self._init_ui()
+        self._init_simulation()
+        self.running = True
 
+    def _init_window(self):
         info = pygame.display.Info()
-        self.window_width, self.window_height = info.current_w // 2, info.current_h // 2
+        self.window_width = int(info.current_w // 1.5)
-        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.window_width, self.window_height),
+        self.window_height = int(info.current_h // 1.5)
-                                              pygame.RESIZABLE, vsync=1)
+        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
-
+            (self.window_width, self.window_height),
-        self.ui_manager = UIManager((self.window_width, self.window_height))
+            pygame.RESIZABLE, vsync=1
-
+        )
-        self.camera = Camera(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, RENDER_BUFFER)
-        self._update_simulation_view()
-
-        # self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT), vsync=1)
         pygame.display.set_caption("Dynamic Abstraction System Testing")
         self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
 
+    def _init_ui(self):
+        self.ui_manager = UIManager((self.window_width, self.window_height))
+        self.hud = HUD(self.ui_manager, self.window_width, self.window_height)
+        self.hud.update_layout(self.window_width, self.window_height)
+        self._update_simulation_view()
+
+    def _init_simulation(self):
         self.last_tick_time = time.perf_counter()
         self.last_tps_time = time.perf_counter()
         self.tick_counter = 0
@@ -42,21 +50,17 @@ class SimulationEngine:
         self.world = self._setup_world()
         self.input_handler = InputHandler(self.camera, self.world, self.sim_view_rect)
         self.renderer = Renderer(self.sim_view)
-        self.hud = HUD(self.ui_manager, self.window_width, self.window_height)
-        self.hud.update_layout(self.window_width, self.window_height)
-
-        self.running = True
 
     def _update_simulation_view(self):
-        self.sim_view_width = int(self.window_width * 0.75)
+        viewport_rect = self.hud.get_viewport_rect()
-        self.sim_view_height = int(self.window_height * 0.75)
+        self.sim_view_width = viewport_rect.width
+        self.sim_view_height = viewport_rect.height
         self.sim_view = pygame.Surface((self.sim_view_width, self.sim_view_height))
-        self.sim_view_rect = self.sim_view.get_rect(center=(self.window_width // 2, self.window_height // 2))
+        self.sim_view_rect = self.sim_view.get_rect(topleft=(viewport_rect.left, viewport_rect.top))
 
         self.ui_manager.set_window_resolution((self.window_width, self.window_height))
         self.renderer = Renderer(self.sim_view)
 
-        # Update camera to match new sim_view size
         if hasattr(self, 'camera'):
             self.camera.screen_width = self.sim_view_width
             self.camera.screen_height = self.sim_view_height
@@ -64,6 +68,8 @@ class SimulationEngine:
         if hasattr(self, 'input_handler'):
             self.input_handler.update_sim_view_rect(self.sim_view_rect)
 
+        if not hasattr(self, 'camera'):
+            self.camera = Camera(self.sim_view_width, self.sim_view_height, RENDER_BUFFER)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _setup_world():
@@ -75,23 +81,32 @@ class SimulationEngine:
 
         if FOOD_SPAWNING:
             for _ in range(FOOD_OBJECTS_COUNT):
-                x = random.randint(-half_width, half_width)
+                x = random.randint(-half_width // 2, half_width // 2)
-                y = random.randint(-half_height, half_height)
+                y = random.randint(-half_height // 2, half_height // 2)
                 world.add_object(FoodObject(Position(x=x, y=y)))
 
-        for _ in range(300):
+        for _ in range(350):
-            new_cell = DefaultCell(Position(x=random.randint(-half_width, half_width), y=random.randint(-half_height, half_height)), Rotation(angle=0))
+            new_cell = DefaultCell(
-
+                Position(x=random.randint(-half_width // 2, half_width // 2), y=random.randint(-half_height // 2, half_height // 2)),
+                Rotation(angle=0)
+            )
             new_cell.behavioral_model = new_cell.behavioral_model.mutate(3)
-
             world.add_object(new_cell)
 
         return world
 
+    def _count_cells(self):
+        count = 0
+        for entity in self.world.get_objects():
+            if isinstance(entity, DefaultCell):
+                count += 1
+        return count
+
+
     def run(self):
+        print(self.world.current_buffer)
         while self.running:
             self._handle_frame()
-
         pygame.quit()
         sys.exit()
 
@@ -99,53 +114,24 @@ class SimulationEngine:
         deltatime = self.clock.get_time() / 1000.0
         tick_interval = 1.0 / self.input_handler.tps
 
-        # Handle events
         events = pygame.event.get()
         self.running = self.input_handler.handle_events(events, self.hud.manager)
-
+        self._handle_window_events(events)
-        for event in events:
-            if event.type == pygame.VIDEORESIZE:
-                self.window_width, self.window_height = event.w, event.h
-                self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.window_width, self.window_height),
-                                                      pygame.RESIZABLE)
-                self._update_simulation_view()
-                self.hud.update_layout(self.window_width, self.window_height)
 
         if self.input_handler.sprint_mode:
-            # Sprint mode: run as many ticks as possible, skip rendering
+            self._handle_sprint_mode()
-            current_time = time.perf_counter()
-            while True:
-                self.input_handler.update_selected_objects()
-                self.world.tick_all()
-                self.tick_counter += 1
-                self.total_ticks += 1
-                # Optionally break after some time to allow event processing
-                if time.perf_counter() - current_time > 0.05:  # ~50ms per batch
-                    break
-            # Update TPS every second
-            if time.perf_counter() - self.last_tps_time >= 1.0:
-                self.actual_tps = self.tick_counter
-                self.tick_counter = 0
-                self.last_tps_time = time.perf_counter()
-            # No rendering or camera update
-
-            self.renderer.clear_screen()
-            self.hud.render_sprint_debug(self.screen, self.actual_tps, self.total_ticks)
-            pygame.display.flip()
-            self.clock.tick(MAX_FPS)
             return
 
+        # Only process one tick per frame if enough time has passed
         if not self.input_handler.is_paused:
             current_time = time.perf_counter()
-            while current_time - self.last_tick_time >= tick_interval:
+            if current_time - self.last_tick_time >= tick_interval:
                 self.last_tick_time += tick_interval
                 self.tick_counter += 1
                 self.total_ticks += 1
-
                 self.input_handler.update_selected_objects()
                 self.world.tick_all()
                 self.hud.manager.update(deltatime)
-
             if current_time - self.last_tps_time >= 1.0:
                 self.actual_tps = self.tick_counter
                 self.tick_counter = 0
@@ -158,36 +144,87 @@ class SimulationEngine:
         self._update(deltatime)
         self._render()
 
+    def _handle_window_events(self, events):
+        for event in events:
+            self.hud.process_event(event)
+            if event.type == pygame.VIDEORESIZE:
+                self.window_width, self.window_height = event.w, event.h
+                self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
+                    (self.window_width, self.window_height),
+                    pygame.RESIZABLE
+                )
+                self._update_simulation_view()
+                self.hud.update_layout(self.window_width, self.window_height)
+
+        self.hud.update_layout(self.window_width, self.window_height)
+        self._update_simulation_view()
+
+    def _handle_sprint_mode(self):
+        current_time = time.perf_counter()
+        while True:
+            self.input_handler.update_selected_objects()
+            self.world.tick_all()
+            self.tick_counter += 1
+            self.total_ticks += 1
+            pygame.event.pump()  # Prevent event queue overflow
+            if time.perf_counter() - current_time > 0.05:
+                break
+        if time.perf_counter() - self.last_tps_time >= 1.0:
+            self.actual_tps = self.tick_counter
+            self.tick_counter = 0
+            self.last_tps_time = time.perf_counter()
+        self.screen.fill(BLACK)
+        self.renderer.clear_screen()
+        cell_count = self._count_cells()
+        self.hud.render_sprint_debug(self.screen, self.actual_tps, self.total_ticks, cell_count)
+        pygame.display.flip()
+        self.clock.tick(MAX_FPS)
+        self.last_tick_time = time.perf_counter()
+
+    def _handle_simulation_ticks(self, tick_interval, deltatime):
+        current_time = time.perf_counter()
+        while current_time - self.last_tick_time >= tick_interval:
+            self.last_tick_time += tick_interval
+            self.tick_counter += 1
+            self.total_ticks += 1
+            self.input_handler.update_selected_objects()
+            self.world.tick_all()
+            self.hud.manager.update(deltatime)
+        if current_time - self.last_tps_time >= 1.0:
+            self.actual_tps = self.tick_counter
+            self.tick_counter = 0
+            self.last_tps_time += 1.0
+
     def _update(self, deltatime):
         keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
         self.input_handler.update_camera(keys, deltatime)
 
     def _render(self):
-        self.renderer.clear_screen(self.screen)
+        self.screen.fill(BLACK)
-        self.renderer.draw_grid(self.camera, self.input_handler.show_grid)
+        self.renderer.clear_screen()
-        self.renderer.render_world(self.world, self.camera)
-        self.renderer.render_interaction_radius(self.world, self.camera, self.input_handler.selected_objects, self.input_handler.show_interaction_radius)
-        self.renderer.render_selection_rectangle(self.input_handler.get_selection_rect(), self.sim_view_rect)
-        self.renderer.render_selected_objects_outline(self.input_handler.selected_objects, self.camera)
 
-        # In core/simulation_engine.py, in _render():
+        if not self.hud.dragging_splitter:
-        self.screen.blit(self.sim_view, (self.sim_view_rect.left, self.sim_view_rect.top))
+            self.renderer.draw_grid(self.camera, self.input_handler.show_grid)
+            self.renderer.render_world(self.world, self.camera)
+            self.renderer.render_interaction_radius(
+                self.world, self.camera, self.input_handler.selected_objects, self.input_handler.show_interaction_radius
+            )
+            self.renderer.render_selection_rectangle(self.input_handler.get_selection_rect(), self.sim_view_rect)
+            self.renderer.render_selected_objects_outline(self.input_handler.selected_objects, self.camera)
+            self.screen.blit(self.sim_view, (self.sim_view_rect.left, self.sim_view_rect.top))
 
-        # Draw border around sim_view
+        self.hud.manager.draw_ui(self.screen)
-        border_color = (255, 255, 255)  # White
+        self.hud.draw_splitters(self.screen)
-        border_width = 3
-        pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, border_color, self.sim_view_rect, border_width)
 
-        self.hud.render_mouse_position(self.screen, self.camera, self.sim_view_rect)
+        # self.hud.render_mouse_position(self.screen, self.camera, self.sim_view_rect)
         self.hud.render_fps(self.screen, self.clock)
         self.hud.render_tps(self.screen, self.actual_tps)
-        self.hud.render_tick_count(self.screen, self.total_ticks)
+        # self.hud.render_tick_count(self.screen, self.total_ticks)
-        self.hud.render_selected_objects_info(self.screen, self.input_handler.selected_objects)
+        # self.hud.render_selected_objects_info(self.screen, self.input_handler.selected_objects)
         self.hud.render_legend(self.screen, self.input_handler.show_legend)
         self.hud.render_pause_indicator(self.screen, self.input_handler.is_paused)
-
         if self.input_handler.selected_objects:
             self.hud.render_neural_network_visualization(self.screen, self.input_handler.selected_objects[0])
 
         pygame.display.flip()
-        self.clock.tick(MAX_FPS)
+        self.clock.tick(MAX_FPS)

main.py

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 from core.simulation_engine import SimulationEngine
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":
+def main():
     engine = SimulationEngine()
     engine.run()
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

pyproject.toml

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [dependency-groups]
 dev = [
+    "psutil>=7.0.0",
     "ruff>=0.11.12",
 ]

tests/benchmarking.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import time
+import random
+import statistics
+import hashlib
+import pickle
+
+class HeadlessSimulationBenchmark:
+    def __init__(self, setup_world, random_seed=42):
+        """
+        :param setup_world: Callable that returns a World instance.
+        :param random_seed: Seed for random number generation.
+        """
+        self.setup_world = setup_world
+        self.random_seed = random_seed
+        self.world = None
+        self.tps_history = []
+        self._running = False
+        self.ticks_elapsed_time = None  # Track time for designated ticks
+
+    def set_random_seed(self, seed):
+        self.random_seed = seed
+        random.seed(seed)
+
+    def start(self, ticks=100, max_seconds=None):
+        self.set_random_seed(self.random_seed)
+        self.world = self.setup_world(self.random_seed)
+        self.tps_history.clear()
+        self._running = True
+
+        tick_count = 0
+        start_time = time.perf_counter()
+        last_time = start_time
+
+        # For precise tick timing
+        tick_timing_start = None
+
+        if ticks is not None:
+            tick_timing_start = time.perf_counter()
+
+        while self._running and (ticks is None or tick_count < ticks):
+            self.world.tick_all()
+            tick_count += 1
+            now = time.perf_counter()
+            elapsed = now - last_time
+            if elapsed > 0:
+                self.tps_history.append(1.0 / elapsed)
+            last_time = now
+            if max_seconds and (now - start_time) > max_seconds:
+                break
+
+        if ticks is not None:
+            tick_timing_end = time.perf_counter()
+            self.ticks_elapsed_time = tick_timing_end - tick_timing_start
+        else:
+            self.ticks_elapsed_time = None
+
+        self._running = False
+
+    def stop(self):
+        self._running = False
+
+    def get_tps_history(self):
+        return self.tps_history
+
+    def get_tps_average(self):
+        return statistics.mean(self.tps_history) if self.tps_history else 0.0
+
+    def get_tps_stddev(self):
+        return statistics.stdev(self.tps_history) if len(self.tps_history) > 1 else 0.0
+
+    def get_simulation_hash(self):
+        # Serialize the world state and hash it for determinism checks
+        state = []
+        for obj in self.world.get_objects():
+            state.append((
+                type(obj).__name__,
+                getattr(obj, "position", None),
+                getattr(obj, "rotation", None),
+                getattr(obj, "flags", None),
+                getattr(obj, "interaction_radius", None),
+                getattr(obj, "max_visual_width", None),
+            ))
+        state_bytes = pickle.dumps(state)
+        return hashlib.sha256(state_bytes).hexdigest()
+
+    def get_summary(self):
+        return {
+            "tps_avg": self.get_tps_average(),
+            "tps_stddev": self.get_tps_stddev(),
+            "ticks": len(self.tps_history),
+            "simulation_hash": self.get_simulation_hash(),
+            "ticks_elapsed_time": self.ticks_elapsed_time,
+        }

tests/test_determinism.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import pytest
+import random
+
+from world.world import World, Position, Rotation
+from world.objects import FoodObject, DefaultCell
+from tests.benchmarking import HeadlessSimulationBenchmark
+
+# Hardcoded simulation parameters (copied from config/constants.py)
+CELL_SIZE = 20
+GRID_WIDTH = 30
+GRID_HEIGHT = 25
+FOOD_OBJECTS_COUNT = 500
+RANDOM_SEED = 12345
+
+def _setup_world(seed=RANDOM_SEED):
+    world = World(CELL_SIZE, (CELL_SIZE * GRID_WIDTH, CELL_SIZE * GRID_HEIGHT))
+    random.seed(seed)
+
+    half_width = GRID_WIDTH * CELL_SIZE // 2
+    half_height = GRID_HEIGHT * CELL_SIZE // 2
+
+    for _ in range(FOOD_OBJECTS_COUNT):
+        x = random.randint(-half_width, half_width)
+        y = random.randint(-half_height, half_height)
+        world.add_object(FoodObject(Position(x=x, y=y)))
+
+    for _ in range(300):
+        new_cell = DefaultCell(
+            Position(x=random.randint(-half_width, half_width), y=random.randint(-half_height, half_height)),
+            Rotation(angle=0)
+        )
+        new_cell.behavioral_model = new_cell.behavioral_model.mutate(3)
+        world.add_object(new_cell)
+
+    return world
+
+def test_simulation_determinism():
+    bench1 = HeadlessSimulationBenchmark(lambda seed: _setup_world(seed), random_seed=RANDOM_SEED)
+    bench2 = HeadlessSimulationBenchmark(lambda seed: _setup_world(seed), random_seed=RANDOM_SEED)
+
+    bench1.start(ticks=100)
+    bench2.start(ticks=100)
+
+    hash1 = bench1.get_simulation_hash()
+    hash2 = bench2.get_simulation_hash()
+
+    assert hash1 == hash2, f"Simulation hashes differ: {hash1} != {hash2}"
+
+def test_simulation_benchmark():
+    bench = HeadlessSimulationBenchmark(lambda seed: _setup_world(seed), random_seed=RANDOM_SEED+1)
+    tick_count = 100
+    bench.start(ticks=tick_count)
+    summary = bench.get_summary()
+    print(f"{tick_count} ticks took {summary.get('ticks_elapsed_time', 0):.4f} seconds, TPS avg: {summary['tps_avg']:.2f}, stddev: {summary['tps_stddev']:.2f}")
+
+    assert summary['tps_avg'] > 0, "Average TPS should be greater than zero"
+    assert summary['ticks_elapsed_time'] > 0, "Elapsed time should be greater than zero"

tests/test_world.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import pytest
-from world.world import World, Position, BaseEntity
+from world.world import World, Position, BaseEntity, Rotation
 
 
 class DummyEntity(BaseEntity):
-    def __init__(self, position):
+    def __init__(self, position, rotation=None):
-        super().__init__(position)
+        if rotation is None:
+            rotation = Rotation(angle=0)
+        super().__init__(position, rotation)
         self.ticked = False
         self.rendered = False
 
@@ -83,9 +85,6 @@ def test_tick_all_calls_tick(world):
 
 def test_add_object_out_of_bounds(world):
     entity = DummyEntity(Position(x=1000, y=1000))
-
     world.add_object(entity)
-
     entity = world.get_objects()[0]
-
+    assert entity.position.x == 49 and entity.position.y == 49
-    assert entity.position.x == 49 and entity.position.y == 49

ui/hud.py

@@ -6,18 +6,188 @@ import pygame_gui
 from config.constants import *
 from world.base.brain import CellBrain, FlexibleNeuralNetwork
 from world.objects import DefaultCell
+from pygame_gui.elements import UIPanel
 import math
 
+DARK_GRAY = (40, 40, 40)
+DARKER_GRAY = (25, 25, 25)
 
 class HUD:
     def __init__(self, ui_manager, screen_width=SCREEN_WIDTH, screen_height=SCREEN_HEIGHT):
         self.font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", FONT_SIZE)
         self.legend_font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", LEGEND_FONT_SIZE)
 
+        self.manager = ui_manager
         self.screen_width = screen_width
         self.screen_height = screen_height
 
-        self.manager = ui_manager
+        # Panel size defaults
+        self.control_bar_height = 48
+        self.inspector_width = 260
+        self.properties_width = 320
+        self.console_height = 120
+        self.splitter_thickness = 6
+
+        self.dragging_splitter = None
+        self._create_panels()
+
+    def _create_panels(self):
+        # Top control bar
+        self.control_bar = UIPanel(
+            relative_rect=pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.screen_width, self.control_bar_height),
+            manager=self.manager,
+            object_id="#control_bar",
+        )
+
+        # Left inspector
+        self.inspector_panel = UIPanel(
+            relative_rect=pygame.Rect(
+                0, self.control_bar_height,
+                self.inspector_width,
+                self.screen_height - self.control_bar_height
+            ),
+            manager=self.manager,
+            object_id="#inspector_panel",
+        )
+
+        # Right properties
+        self.properties_panel = UIPanel(
+            relative_rect=pygame.Rect(
+                self.screen_width - self.properties_width,
+                self.control_bar_height,
+                self.properties_width,
+                self.screen_height - self.control_bar_height
+            ),
+            manager=self.manager,
+            object_id="#properties_panel",
+        )
+
+        # Bottom console
+        self.console_panel = UIPanel(
+            relative_rect=pygame.Rect(
+                self.inspector_width,
+                self.screen_height - self.console_height,
+                self.screen_width - self.inspector_width - self.properties_width,
+                self.console_height
+            ),
+            manager=self.manager,
+            object_id="#console_panel",
+        )
+
+        self.panels = [
+            self.control_bar,
+            self.inspector_panel,
+            self.properties_panel,
+            self.console_panel
+        ]
+        self.dragging_splitter = None
+
+    def get_viewport_rect(self):
+        # Returns the rect for the simulation viewport
+        x = self.inspector_width
+        y = self.control_bar_height
+        w = self.screen_width - self.inspector_width - self.properties_width
+        h = self.screen_height - self.control_bar_height - self.console_height
+        return pygame.Rect(x, y, w, h)
+
+    def update_layout(self, window_width, window_height):
+        self.screen_width = window_width
+        self.screen_height = window_height
+
+        # Control bar (top)
+        self.control_bar.set_relative_position((0, 0))
+        self.control_bar.set_dimensions((self.screen_width, self.control_bar_height))
+
+        # Inspector panel (left) - goes all the way to the bottom
+        self.inspector_panel.set_relative_position((0, self.control_bar_height))
+        self.inspector_panel.set_dimensions((self.inspector_width, self.screen_height - self.control_bar_height))
+
+        # Properties panel (right) - goes all the way to the bottom
+        self.properties_panel.set_relative_position(
+            (self.screen_width - self.properties_width, self.control_bar_height))
+        self.properties_panel.set_dimensions((self.properties_width, self.screen_height - self.control_bar_height))
+
+        # Console panel (bottom, spans between inspector and properties)
+        self.console_panel.set_relative_position((self.inspector_width, self.screen_height - self.console_height))
+        self.console_panel.set_dimensions(
+            (self.screen_width - self.inspector_width - self.properties_width, self.console_height))
+
+    def process_event(self, event):
+        # Handle splitter dragging for resizing panels
+        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
+            mx, my = event.pos
+            # Check if mouse is on a splitter (left/right/bottom)
+            if abs(mx - self.inspector_width) < self.splitter_thickness and self.control_bar_height < my < self.screen_height - self.console_height:
+                self.dragging_splitter = "inspector"
+            elif abs(mx - (self.screen_width - self.properties_width)) < self.splitter_thickness and self.control_bar_height < my < self.screen_height - self.console_height:
+                self.dragging_splitter = "properties"
+            elif abs(my - (self.screen_height - self.console_height)) < self.splitter_thickness and self.inspector_width < mx < self.screen_width - self.properties_width:
+                self.dragging_splitter = "console"
+            self.update_layout(self.screen_width, self.screen_height)
+        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP and event.button == 1:
+            self.dragging_splitter = None
+        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION and self.dragging_splitter:
+            mx, my = event.pos
+            if self.dragging_splitter == "inspector":
+                self.inspector_width = max(100, min(mx, self.screen_width - self.properties_width - 100))
+            elif self.dragging_splitter == "properties":
+                self.properties_width = max(100, min(self.screen_width - mx, self.screen_width - self.inspector_width - 100))
+            elif self.dragging_splitter == "console":
+                self.console_height = max(60, min(self.screen_height - my, self.screen_height - self.control_bar_height - 60))
+            self.update_layout(self.screen_width, self.screen_height)
+
+    def draw_splitters(self, screen):
+        # Draw draggable splitters for visual feedback
+        indicator_color = (220, 220, 220)
+        indicator_size = 6  # Length of indicator line
+        indicator_gap = 4    # Gap between indicator lines
+        indicator_count = 3  # Number of indicator lines
+
+        # Vertical splitter (inspector/properties)
+        # Inspector/properties only if wide enough
+        if self.inspector_width > 0:
+            x = self.inspector_width - 2
+            y1 = self.control_bar_height
+            y2 = self.screen_height - self.console_height
+            # Draw indicator (horizontal lines) in the middle
+            mid_y = (y1 + y2) // 2
+            for i in range(indicator_count):
+                offset = (i - 1) * (indicator_gap + 1)
+                pygame.draw.line(
+                    screen, indicator_color,
+                    (x - indicator_size // 2, mid_y + offset),
+                    (x + indicator_size // 2, mid_y + offset),
+                    2
+                )
+
+        if self.properties_width > 0:
+            x = self.screen_width - self.properties_width + 2
+            y1 = self.control_bar_height
+            y2 = self.screen_height - self.console_height
+            mid_y = (y1 + y2) // 2
+            for i in range(indicator_count):
+                offset = (i - 1) * (indicator_gap + 1)
+                pygame.draw.line(
+                    screen, indicator_color,
+                    (x - indicator_size // 2, mid_y + offset),
+                    (x + indicator_size // 2, mid_y + offset),
+                    2
+                )
+
+        # Horizontal splitter (console)
+        if self.console_height > 0:
+            y = self.screen_height - self.console_height + 2
+            x1 = self.inspector_width
+            x2 = self.screen_width - self.properties_width
+            mid_x = (x1 + x2) // 2
+            for i in range(indicator_count):
+                offset = (i - 1) * (indicator_gap + 1)
+                pygame.draw.line(
+                    screen, indicator_color,
+                    (mid_x + offset, y - indicator_size // 2),
+                    (mid_x + offset, y + indicator_size // 2),
+                    2
+                )
 
     def render_mouse_position(self, screen, camera, sim_view_rect):
         """Render mouse position in top left."""
@@ -145,6 +315,7 @@ class HUD:
         VIZ_WIDTH = 280  # Width of the neural network visualization area
         VIZ_HEIGHT = 300  # Height of the neural network visualization area
         VIZ_RIGHT_MARGIN = VIZ_WIDTH + 50  # Distance from right edge of screen to visualization
+        VIZ_BOTTOM_MARGIN = 50  # Distance from the bottom of the screen
 
         # Background styling constants
         BACKGROUND_PADDING = 30  # Padding around the visualization background
@@ -196,6 +367,9 @@ class HUD:
         TOOLTIP_MARGIN = 10
         TOOLTIP_LINE_SPACING = 0  # No extra spacing between lines
 
+        if self.properties_width < VIZ_RIGHT_MARGIN + 50:
+            self.properties_width = VIZ_RIGHT_MARGIN + 50 # Ensure properties panel is wide enough for tooltip
+
         if not hasattr(cell, 'behavioral_model'):
             return
 
@@ -206,9 +380,9 @@ class HUD:
 
         network: FlexibleNeuralNetwork = cell_brain.neural_network
 
-        # Calculate visualization position
+        # Calculate visualization position (bottom right)
         viz_x = self.screen_width - VIZ_RIGHT_MARGIN  # Right side of screen
-        viz_y = (self.screen_height // 2) - (VIZ_HEIGHT // 2)  # Centered vertically
+        viz_y = self.screen_height - VIZ_HEIGHT - VIZ_BOTTOM_MARGIN  # Above the bottom margin
 
         layer_spacing = VIZ_WIDTH // max(1, len(network.layers) - 1) if len(network.layers) > 1 else VIZ_WIDTH
 
@@ -218,6 +392,8 @@ class HUD:
         pygame.draw.rect(screen, BACKGROUND_COLOR, background_rect)
         pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, background_rect, BACKGROUND_BORDER_WIDTH)
 
+        info = network.get_structure_info()
+
         # Title
         title_text = self.font.render("Neural Network", True, WHITE)
         title_rect = title_text.get_rect()
@@ -225,6 +401,13 @@ class HUD:
         title_rect.top = viz_y - TITLE_TOP_MARGIN
         screen.blit(title_text, title_rect)
 
+        # Render network cost under the title
+        cost_text = self.font.render(f"Cost: {info['network_cost']}", True, WHITE)
+        cost_rect = cost_text.get_rect()
+        cost_rect.centerx = title_rect.centerx
+        cost_rect.top = title_rect.bottom + 4  # Small gap below the title
+        screen.blit(cost_text, cost_rect)
+
         # Get current activations by running a forward pass with current inputs
         input_values = [cell_brain.inputs[key] for key in cell_brain.input_keys]
 
@@ -383,22 +566,6 @@ class HUD:
                 label_rect.bottom = viz_y + VIZ_HEIGHT + LAYER_LABEL_BOTTOM_MARGIN
                 screen.blit(label_text, label_rect)
 
-        # Draw network info
-        info = network.get_structure_info()
-        info_lines = [
-            f"Layers: {info['total_layers']}",
-            f"Neurons: {info['total_neurons']}",
-            f"Connections: {info['total_connections']}",
-            f"Network Cost: {info['network_cost']}",
-        ]
-
-        for i, line in enumerate(info_lines):
-            info_text = self.legend_font.render(line, True, WHITE)
-            info_rect = info_text.get_rect()
-            info_rect.left = viz_x
-            info_rect.top = viz_y + VIZ_HEIGHT + INFO_TEXT_TOP_MARGIN + i * INFO_TEXT_LINE_SPACING
-            screen.blit(info_text, info_rect)
-
         # --- Tooltip logic for neuron hover ---
         mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
         tooltip_text = None
@@ -474,22 +641,20 @@ class HUD:
                 screen.blit(surf, (tooltip_rect.left + TOOLTIP_PADDING_X, y))
                 y += surf.get_height() + TOOLTIP_LINE_SPACING
 
-    def render_sprint_debug(self, screen, actual_tps, total_ticks):
+    def render_sprint_debug(self, screen, actual_tps, total_ticks, cell_count=None):
         """Render sprint debug info: header, TPS, and tick count."""
         header = self.font.render("Sprinting...", True, (255, 200, 0))
         tps_text = self.font.render(f"TPS: {actual_tps}", True, (255, 255, 255))
         ticks_text = self.font.render(f"Ticks: {total_ticks}", True, (255, 255, 255))
+        cell_text = self.font.render(f"Cells: {cell_count}" if cell_count is not None else "Cells: N/A", True, (255, 255, 255))
 
-        y = self.screen_height // 2 - 40
+        y = self.screen_height // 2 - 80
         header_rect = header.get_rect(center=(self.screen_width // 2, y))
         tps_rect = tps_text.get_rect(center=(self.screen_width // 2, y + 40))
         ticks_rect = ticks_text.get_rect(center=(self.screen_width // 2, y + 80))
+        cell_rect = cell_text.get_rect(center=(self.screen_width // 2, y + 120))
 
         screen.blit(header, header_rect)
         screen.blit(tps_text, tps_rect)
         screen.blit(ticks_text, ticks_rect)
-
+        screen.blit(cell_text, cell_rect)
-    def update_layout(self, window_width, window_height):
-        """Update HUD layout on window resize."""
-        self.screen_width = window_width
-        self.screen_height = window_height

uv.lock

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [package.dev-dependencies]
 dev = [
+    { name = "psutil" },
     { name = "ruff" },
 ]
 
@@ -67,7 +68,10 @@ requires-dist = [
 ]
 
 [package.metadata.requires-dev]
-dev = [{ name = "ruff", specifier = ">=0.11.12" }]
+dev = [
+    { name = "psutil", specifier = ">=7.0.0" },
+    { name = "ruff", specifier = ">=0.11.12" },
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "filelock"
@@ -206,6 +210,21 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/88/74/a88bf1b1efeae488a0c0b7bdf71429c313722d1fc0f377537fbe554e6180/pre_commit-4.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:a009ca7205f1eb497d10b845e52c838a98b6cdd2102a6c8e4540e94ee75c58bd", size = 220707, upload-time = "2025-03-18T21:35:19.343Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "psutil"
+version = "7.0.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/2a/80/336820c1ad9286a4ded7e845b2eccfcb27851ab8ac6abece774a6ff4d3de/psutil-7.0.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:7be9c3eba38beccb6495ea33afd982a44074b78f28c434a1f51cc07fd315c456", size = 497003, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:07.946Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ed/e6/2d26234410f8b8abdbf891c9da62bee396583f713fb9f3325a4760875d22/psutil-7.0.0-cp36-abi3-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:101d71dc322e3cffd7cea0650b09b3d08b8e7c4109dd6809fe452dfd00e58b25", size = 238051, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:12.36Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/04/8b/30f930733afe425e3cbfc0e1468a30a18942350c1a8816acfade80c005c4/psutil-7.0.0-cp36-abi3-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:39db632f6bb862eeccf56660871433e111b6ea58f2caea825571951d4b6aa3da", size = 239535, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:16.07Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/2a/ed/d362e84620dd22876b55389248e522338ed1bf134a5edd3b8231d7207f6d/psutil-7.0.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_12_i686.manylinux2010_i686.manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:1fcee592b4c6f146991ca55919ea3d1f8926497a713ed7faaf8225e174581e91", size = 275004, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:18.662Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bf/b9/b0eb3f3cbcb734d930fdf839431606844a825b23eaf9a6ab371edac8162c/psutil-7.0.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:4b1388a4f6875d7e2aff5c4ca1cc16c545ed41dd8bb596cefea80111db353a34", size = 277986, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:21.811Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/eb/a2/709e0fe2f093556c17fbafda93ac032257242cabcc7ff3369e2cb76a97aa/psutil-7.0.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:a5f098451abc2828f7dc6b58d44b532b22f2088f4999a937557b603ce72b1993", size = 279544, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:24.68Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/50/e6/eecf58810b9d12e6427369784efe814a1eec0f492084ce8eb8f4d89d6d61/psutil-7.0.0-cp37-abi3-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:ba3fcef7523064a6c9da440fc4d6bd07da93ac726b5733c29027d7dc95b39d99", size = 241053, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:34.31Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/50/1b/6921afe68c74868b4c9fa424dad3be35b095e16687989ebbb50ce4fceb7c/psutil-7.0.0-cp37-abi3-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:4cf3d4eb1aa9b348dec30105c55cd9b7d4629285735a102beb4441e38db90553", size = 244885, upload-time = "2025-02-13T21:54:37.486Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pydantic"
 version = "2.11.5"

world/objects.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import pygame
 from typing import Optional, List, Any, Union
 
 from world.utils import get_distance_between_objects
+from world.physics import Physics
 
 from math import atan2, degrees
 
@@ -263,6 +264,8 @@ class DefaultCell(BaseEntity):
 
         self.tick_count = 0
 
+        self.physics = Physics(0.02, 0.05)
+
 
     def set_brain(self, behavioral_model: CellBrain) -> None:
         self.behavioral_model = behavioral_model
@@ -297,7 +300,7 @@ class DefaultCell(BaseEntity):
         distance_to_food = get_distance_between_objects(self, food_object)
 
         if distance_to_food < self.max_visual_width and food_objects:
-            self.energy += 110
+            self.energy += 130
             food_object.flag_for_death()
             return self
 
@@ -312,10 +315,10 @@ class DefaultCell(BaseEntity):
             duplicate_y_2 += random.randint(-self.max_visual_width, self.max_visual_width)
 
             new_cell = DefaultCell(Position(x=int(duplicate_x), y=int(duplicate_y)), Rotation(angle=random.randint(0, 359)))
-            new_cell.set_brain(self.behavioral_model.mutate(0.4))
+            new_cell.set_brain(self.behavioral_model.mutate(0.05))
 
             new_cell_2 = DefaultCell(Position(x=int(duplicate_x_2), y=int(duplicate_y_2)), Rotation(angle=random.randint(0, 359)))
-            new_cell_2.set_brain(self.behavioral_model.mutate(0.4))
+            new_cell_2.set_brain(self.behavioral_model.mutate(0.05))
 
             return [new_cell, new_cell_2]
 
@@ -328,44 +331,12 @@ class DefaultCell(BaseEntity):
 
         output_data = self.behavioral_model.tick(input_data)
 
-        # everything below this point is physics simulation and needs to be extracted to a separate class
-
         # clamp accelerations
         output_data["linear_acceleration"] = max(-MAX_ACCELERATION, min(MAX_ACCELERATION, output_data["linear_acceleration"]))
         output_data["angular_acceleration"] = max(-MAX_ANGULAR_ACCELERATION, min(MAX_ANGULAR_ACCELERATION, output_data["angular_acceleration"]))
 
-        # 2. Apply drag force
+        # request physics data from Physics class
-        drag_coefficient = 0.02
+        self.velocity, self.acceleration, self.rotational_velocity, self.angular_acceleration = self.physics.move(output_data["linear_acceleration"], output_data["angular_acceleration"], self.rotation.get_rotation())
-        drag_x = -self.velocity[0] * drag_coefficient
-        drag_y = -self.velocity[1] * drag_coefficient
-
-        # 3. Combine all forces
-        total_linear_accel = output_data["linear_acceleration"]
-        total_linear_accel = max(-0.1, min(0.1, total_linear_accel))
-
-        # 4. Convert to world coordinates
-        x_component = total_linear_accel * math.cos(math.radians(self.rotation.get_rotation()))
-        y_component = total_linear_accel * math.sin(math.radians(self.rotation.get_rotation()))
-
-        # 5. Add drag to total acceleration
-        total_accel_x = x_component + drag_x
-        total_accel_y = y_component + drag_y
-
-        self.acceleration = (total_accel_x, total_accel_y)
-
-        rotational_drag = 0.05
-        self.angular_acceleration = output_data["angular_acceleration"] - self.rotational_velocity * rotational_drag
-
-        # tick acceleration
-        velocity_x = self.velocity[0] + self.acceleration[0]
-        velocity_y = self.velocity[1] + self.acceleration[1]
-        self.velocity = (velocity_x, velocity_y)
-
-        # # clamp velocity
-        speed = math.sqrt(self.velocity[0] ** 2 + self.velocity[1] ** 2)
-        if speed > MAX_VELOCITY:
-            scale = MAX_VELOCITY / speed
-            self.velocity = (self.velocity[0] * scale, self.velocity[1] * scale)
 
         # tick velocity
         x, y = self.position.get_position()
@@ -374,19 +345,12 @@ class DefaultCell(BaseEntity):
 
         self.position.set_position(x, y)
 
-        # tick rotational acceleration
-        self.angular_acceleration = output_data["angular_acceleration"]
-        self.rotational_velocity += self.angular_acceleration
-
-        # clamp rotational velocity
-        self.rotational_velocity = max(-MAX_ROTATIONAL_VELOCITY, min(MAX_ROTATIONAL_VELOCITY, self.rotational_velocity))
-
         # tick rotational velocity
         self.rotation.set_rotation(self.rotation.get_rotation() + self.rotational_velocity)
 
         movement_cost = abs(output_data["angular_acceleration"]) + abs(output_data["linear_acceleration"])
 
-        self.energy -= (self.behavioral_model.neural_network.network_cost * 0.01) + 1 + (0.5 * movement_cost)
+        self.energy -= (self.behavioral_model.neural_network.network_cost * 0.1) + 1.2 + (0.15 * movement_cost)
 
         return self
 

world/physics.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import math
+
+from config.constants import MAX_VELOCITY, MAX_ROTATIONAL_VELOCITY
+
+
+class Physics:
+    """
+    Simulates basic 2D physics for an object, including linear and rotational motion
+    with drag effects.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, drag_coefficient: float, rotational_drag: float):
+        """
+        Initialize the Physics object.
+
+        Args:
+            drag_coefficient (float): Linear drag coefficient.
+            rotational_drag (float): Rotational drag coefficient.
+        """
+
+        self.drag_coefficient: float = drag_coefficient
+        self.rotational_drag: float = rotational_drag
+
+        self.velocity: tuple[int, int] = (0, 0)
+        self.acceleration: tuple[int, int] = (0, 0)
+
+        self.rotational_velocity: int = 0
+        self.angular_acceleration: int = 0
+
+
+    def move(self, linear_acceleration: float, angular_acceleration: int, rotational_position):
+        """
+        Update the object's velocity and acceleration based on input forces and drag.
+
+        Args:
+            linear_acceleration (float): The applied linear acceleration.
+            angular_acceleration (int): The applied angular acceleration.
+            rotational_position: The current rotational position in degrees.
+
+        Returns:
+            tuple: Updated (velocity, acceleration, rotational_velocity, angular_acceleration).
+        """
+        # Apply drag force
+        drag_coefficient = self.drag_coefficient
+        drag_x = -self.velocity[0] * drag_coefficient
+        drag_y = -self.velocity[1] * drag_coefficient
+
+        # Combine all forces
+        total_linear_accel = linear_acceleration
+        total_linear_accel = max(-0.1, min(0.1, total_linear_accel))
+
+        # Convert to world coordinates
+        x_component = total_linear_accel * math.cos(math.radians(rotational_position))
+        y_component = total_linear_accel * math.sin(math.radians(rotational_position))
+
+        # Add drag to total acceleration
+        total_accel_x = x_component + drag_x
+        total_accel_y = y_component + drag_y
+
+        self.acceleration = (total_accel_x, total_accel_y)
+
+        # Apply drag force to angular acceleration
+        rotational_drag = self.rotational_drag
+        self.angular_acceleration = angular_acceleration - self.rotational_velocity * rotational_drag
+
+        # tick acceleration
+        velocity_x = self.velocity[0] + self.acceleration[0]
+        velocity_y = self.velocity[1] + self.acceleration[1]
+        self.velocity = (velocity_x, velocity_y)
+
+        # clamp velocity
+        speed = math.sqrt(self.velocity[0] ** 2 + self.velocity[1] ** 2)
+        if speed > MAX_VELOCITY:
+            scale = MAX_VELOCITY / speed
+            self.velocity = (self.velocity[0] * scale, self.velocity[1] * scale)
+
+        self.angular_acceleration = angular_acceleration
+        self.rotational_velocity += self.angular_acceleration
+
+        # clamp rotational velocity
+        self.rotational_velocity = max(-MAX_ROTATIONAL_VELOCITY, min(MAX_ROTATIONAL_VELOCITY, self.rotational_velocity))
+
+        return self.velocity, self.acceleration, self.rotational_velocity, self.angular_acceleration

world/world.py

@@ -153,6 +153,8 @@ class World:
 
         :param camera: The camera object for coordinate transformation.
         :param screen: The Pygame screen surface.
+
+        Time complexity: O(n), where n is the number of objects in the current buffer.
         """
         for obj_list in self.buffers[self.current_buffer].values():
             for obj in obj_list:
@@ -161,6 +163,9 @@ class World:
     def tick_all(self) -> None:
         """
         Advances all objects in the world by one tick, updating their state and handling interactions.
+
+        Time complexity: O(N + K) / O(N*M), where N is the number of objects in the current buffer,
+        K is the number of objects that can interact with each object, and M is number of objects in checked cells where C is the number of cells checked within the interaction radius.
         """
         next_buffer: int = 1 - self.current_buffer
         self.buffers[next_buffer].clear()
@@ -208,6 +213,8 @@ class World:
         :param y: Y coordinate of the center.
         :param radius: Search radius.
         :return: List of objects within the radius.
+
+        Time complexity: O(C * M) / O(N), where C is the number of cells checked within the radius and M is the number of objects in those cells.
         """
         result: List[BaseEntity] = []
         cell_x, cell_y = int(x // self.partition_size), int(y // self.partition_size)
@@ -234,6 +241,8 @@ class World:
         :param x2: Maximum X coordinate.
         :param y2: Maximum Y coordinate.
         :return: List of objects within the rectangle.
+
+        Time complexity: O(C * M) / O(N), where C is the number of cells checked within the rectangle and M is the number of objects in those cells.
         """
         result: List[BaseEntity] = []
         cell_x1, cell_y1 = (